-
DEFINITION
A continuing function that uses systematic collection of data on specified indicators to provide management and the main stakeholders of an ongoing development intervention with indications of the extent of progress and achievement of objectives and progress in the use of allocated funds (OECD, 2002: 27).
OECD. 2002. Glossary of key terms in evaluation and results based management. Paris: OECD.
EXAMPLE OF USE
While planning presupposes the existence of a plan, implementing it and monitoring its achievements inevitably call for special monitoring mechanisms and instruments. The failure of many development programmes is often due to shortcomings observed at the planning level. Having a monitoring–evaluation system in place would allow both measuring achieved progress and learning from past experience (Sylla, 2013: 2).
Sylla, Khadim. 2013. "Tools and planning support systems". IIEP newsletter 31 (1): 2.
Glossary
glossary
Find a definition
-
DEFINITION
Mother tongue instruction generally refers to the use of the learners’ mother tongue as the medium of instruction. Additionally, it can refer to the mother tongue as a subject of instruction. It is considered to be an important component of quality education, particularly in the early years (UNESCO, 2003: 13).
UNESCO. 2003. Education in a multilingual world: UNESCO education position paper. Paris: UNESCO
EXAMPLE OF USE
To ensure that children acquire strong foundation skills in literacy and numeracy, schools need to teach the curriculum in a language children understand. Mother tongue-based bilingual (or multilingual) education approaches, in which a child’s mother tongue is taught alongside the introduction of a second language, can improve performance in the second language as well as in other subjects (UNESCO, 2016: 3)
UNESCO. 2016. If you don’t understand, how can you learn? Global education monitoring report: policy paper 24. Paris : UNESCO
-
DEFINITION
Several grades or divisions are taught simultaneously in the same classroom by a single teacher.
Brunswic, Etienne, et Jean Valérien. 2004. Multigrade schools: improving access in rural Africa? Fundamentals of Educational Planning 76. Paris: IIEP-UNESCO.
EXAMPLE OF USE
The failure of multigrade classes has important consequences: multigrade teaching being perceived as a cut-rate, unsuitable form of delivery, its failure causes families to lose interest in schooling and thus reduces social demand for education. In short, such failures contribute to under-development and poverty. It is therefore vital for planners to identify the factors that lead to failure so as to avoid recourse to the multigrade option if the minimum conditions for success are not met (Brunswic and Valérien, 2004: 51).
Brunswic, Etienne, et Jean Valérien. 2004. Multigrade schools: improving access in rural Africa? Fundamentals of Educational Planning 76. Paris: IIEP-UNESCO.
-
DEFINITION
Multilingual education refers to the use of two or more languages as mediums of instruction (UNESCO, 2003:17).
UNESCO. 2003. Education in a multilingual world: UNESCO education position paper. Paris: UNESCO.
EXAMPLE OF USE
Bilingual and multilingual education can have significant benefits for improving education quality and reducing repetition and dropout, but key implementation challenges remain: countries must ensure that there are enough trained teachers proficient in the learners’ mother tongue and that learning resources in various languages are widely available (UNESCO, 2008: 133).
UNESCO. 2008. Education for All by 2015: will we make it? EFA global monitoring report, 2008. Paris: UNESCO.